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Calcareous sands are typical of warmer seas and are encountered in several high growth locations around the world. Despite having high frictional resistance with friction angles exceeding those of siliceous sands, the in situ behaviour is characterised by particle damage and extreme contraction at high confining stresses. This behaviour results in very low values of skin friction for driven piles in calcareous deposits, where the contraction dominates the pile response. The MIxed Drilled Offshore Steel (MIDOS) pile is a novel mixed-in-place technology which has many advantages over driven steel piles and conventional drilled-and-grouted (D&G) piles. The MIDOS is based on the deep-mixing technology normally used as an onshore ground improvement technique. The mechanical technology and in situ pile performance were successfully demonstrated during an in situ test in silica sand. A laboratory based study …