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The remnant kidney model is a mainstay in the study of progressive renal disease. The earliest changes in this model result from glomerular hemodynamic alterations. Given that progressive renal disease is the result of subsequent interstitial damage initiated by undetermined pathogenic factors, the authors investigated the role of hypoxia as a pathogenic factor in tubulointerstitial damage after renal ablation in rats. Cortical tissue hypoxia in the early phase (4 and 7 d) in remnant kidney rats, sham-operated rats, and animals treated with the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) olmesartan (10 mg/kg per d) was assessed by uptake of a hypoxic probe, pimonidazole, expression of HIF-1α, and by increased transcription of hypoxia-responsive genes. Physiologic perfusion status of the postglomerular peritubular capillary network was evaluated by lectin perfusion and Hoechst 33342 diffusion techniques. Results …