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The haze pollution accompanies rapid urbanization and industrial development is the central environmental problem for academia, the government, and the public in China today. Recent studies have investigated the different aspects of haze, but no holistic research has yet been conducted that includes both natural and anthropogenic factors and spatial effects. This study used the Air Quality Index (AQI) as the measure of haze pollution and 14 natural and anthropogenic factors as explanatory variables. We applied exploratory spatial data analysis and the spatial Durbin model (SDM) to analyze the spatial distribution and variation pattern of the AQI and to quantitatively estimate the contributions and spatial spillovers of different natural and anthropogenic factors on the air quality of 289 prefecture-level cities in 2014. The results show that approximately 1.255 billion people in 280 Chinese cities were exposed to an …