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The common MTNR1B genetic variant rs10830963 is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). To date, no experimental study has tested the effect of the MTNR1B variant on glucose metabolism in humans during exposure of the melatonin receptors to their ligand. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this MTNR1B variant influenced the effect of melatonin (5 mg) on glucose tolerance assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; 75 g) at different times of the day (morning and evening) as compared to a placebo.

Seventeen normoglycemic women (24 ± 6 years; BMI 23.0 ± 3.3 kg/m²) completed the study (11 carriers of the risk allele [CG] and 6 noncarriers [CC]).

The effect of melatonin on glucose tolerance depended on the genotype. In the morning, the effect of melatonin (melatonin-placebo) on the glucose area under the curve (AUC) above baseline differed …