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We present the synthesis and visible-light-induced catalytic activity of one-dimensional (1D) TiO 2/V 2 O 5 branched heterostructures. The 1D TiO 2/V 2 O 5 heterostructures were prepared by RF reactive magnetron sputtering of V 2 O 5 onto electrospun TiO 2 nanofibers. Then, the samples were annealed at 300 C for 2 h in air ambient to form the 1D TiO 2/V 2 O 5 branched heterostructures. The photodecomposition rate of Rhodamine B (RhB) by the 1D TiO 2/V 2 O 5 branched heterostructures under visible light was much faster than that of pure TiO 2 nanofibers, revealing that the visible-light-induced catalytic activity of the 1D TiO 2/V 2 O 5 branched heterostructures was greatly improved. The enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of the 1D TiO 2/V 2 O 5 branched heterostructures can be ascribed to the coupling with a small bandgap semiconductor material V 2 O 5, where the absorption range is extended, the …