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OBJECTIVE: To examine whether feedback and treatment advice for depression presented to primary care physicians (PCPs) via an electronic medical record (EMR) system can potentially improve clinical outcomes and care processes for patients with major depression.

DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial.

SETTING: Academically affiliated primary care practice in Pittsburgh, PA.

PATIENTS: Two hundred primary care patients with major depression on the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) and who met all protocol-eligibility criteria.

INTERVENTION: PCPs were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 levels of exposure to EMR feedback of guideline-based treatment advice for depression: “active care” (AC), “passive care” (PC), or “usual care” (UC).

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patients’ 3- and 6-month Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression …