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The diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been based on a western concept of health, a concern when considering a non-western culture such as Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The lack of statistical data on the extent of ADHD in the Aboriginal community is another concern, a situation similar to many other mental health problems in the Indigenous population. Further, no Australian studies have mentioned specific information on the prevalence of ADHD in Aboriginal communities. The WA Aboriginal Child Health Survey, however, reported that Aboriginal children had a higher risk of hyperactivity problems (15.8%) when compared to 9.7% for non-Aboriginal children (Zubrick et al., 2005). The diagnostic methodology for ADHD is based on a western concept of health. This raises the issue of cultural sensitivity and appropriateness in identifying ADHD in a non-western culture like that of Australian Aboriginal people. Unlike their western counterparts, health to the Aboriginal people is not simply just the physical wellbeing of an individual but is connected to social, emotional and cultural wellbeing of the whole community (National Aboriginal Health Strategy, 1989). These relationships can influence how people understand illness, and in turn impact on their decisions about help-seeking behaviour and accessing services. Moreover, Hunter (2007) asserted that the narrowly focused mental health services that lack cultural sensitivity were inadequate in managing Indigenous psychological and behavioural problems, with children being particularly vulnerable. In view of the detrimental effect of ADHD …