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The stability of monocultural, even-aged spruce forests at lower altitudes in Central Europe is seriously threatened by the prospects of global climate change. The thermostability and water use efficiency of their photosynthetic apparatus might play a vital role in their successful acclimation. In this study, photosystem II (PSII) performance (OJIP transient, rapid light curves) and thermostability were analyzed in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) throughout the growing season of the exceptionally warm year 2018 (May–September) in the Western Carpathians, Slovakia. These measurements were accompanied by analysis of pigment concentrations in the needles. In addition, gas-exchange temperature curves were produced weekly from June until September to obtain intrinsic water use efficiencies. At the beginning of the growing season, needles exposed to heat stress showed significantly higher basal …