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The objectives of the study were to determine associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and insulin resistance and the effects of these SNPs on changes in insulin sensitivity in response to vitamin D supplementation. The research described here was an extension of the Surya study. Genotyping of the Cdx-2, FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI SNPs was carried out on 239 South Asian women in New Zealand using polymerase chain reaction–based techniques. Associations of these genotypes and 3′ end haplotypes with insulin resistance were determined using multiple regression analysis. Associations between SNP genotypes and responses in insulin sensitivity to vitamin D supplementation (4000 IU vitamin D₃ per day) were also determined for a subset (81) of these women. BsmI BB, ApaI AA, and TaqI tt genotypes were significantly associated with lower …