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The incidence of ischemic heart failure (HF) caused by coronary artery disease (CAD) is increasing due to successful reduction of acute complications of myocardial infarction and improved survival. Those patients are typically left with reduced left ventricular (LV) with subsequent chronic heart failure symptoms. The available therapeutic options are limited to medical treatment to improve their symptoms, apart from device therapy/heart transplantation in serious cases. Since the number of the autologous remnant cardiac progenitor cells and the mobilized cells form the bone marrow upon injury signal are too low, as well as the own myocyte proliferation rate is insufficient for complete recovery of the heart after ischemic injury, external regenerative cells are implanted into the injured heart to promote the regeneration process. Accordingly, the cardiac regeneration treatment with the intention to improve clinical symptoms, quality of life, and LV performance, as well as prevention of hospitalization, reduction of mortality and morbidity came into the forefront of pre-clinical and clinical investigations in the last 15 years.