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Background and Aims: The imbalance between helper T (Th)1/Th2 cytokines has been observed in human inflammatory bowel disease and various animal models. Because interleukin (IL)‐12 and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) productions are known to be a hallmark of Th1‐dominant intestinal inflammation such as 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)‐induced colitis, we strictly addressed the roles of IFN‐γ and IL‐12 in the development of colitis, employing knockout mice with IFN‐γ receptor (IFN‐γR) or IL‐12 p40 gene disruptions and mice administered with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against IFN‐γ or IL‐12.

Methods: To induce colitis, 2.5 mg of the hapten reagent TNBS in 50% ethanol was administered into the colon. Two milligrams of rat anti‐mouse IFN‐γ mAb, rat anti‐mouse IL‐12 mAb, or control rat IgG were administered intraperitoneally into mice before TNBS administration. Change in the …