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Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the displacement and stress distribution in the maxillofacial complex during maxillary protraction with buccal and palatal plates using three-dimensional finite element analysis.

Materials and methods: Three anchorage appliance models—palatal plate (Type A), miniplate at the infrazygomatic crest (Type B), and conventional tooth-borne appliance (Type C)—were designed and integrated into a skull model. Protraction force was 500g per side and force direction was forward and 30 degree downward to the maxillary occlusal plane. The stress distribution around the circum-maxillary sutures and the displacement of the surface landmarks were analysed.

Results: All models showed forward and upward displacement at anterior nasal spine, Point A, and prosthion and forward and downward displacement at posterior nasal spine resulting …