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Lipids are an important class of biomolecules, and play many essential functions in biology. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) has emerged as a promising technology for lipidomics by providing a holistic and multi-dimensional characterization of lipid structures. However, the lipid identification using the multi-dimensional match (i.e., MS1, retention time, collision cross section, and MS/MS spectra) gives multiple lipid candidates, and often over-reports the structural information. Here, we developed a lipid identification strategy that integrated library-based match and rule-based refinement for accurate lipid structural elucidation in IM-MS based lipidomics. The new strategy took the advantage of multi-dimensional information for high-coverage identification, while it also utilized the fragmentation rules to determine the accurate structural information. We demonstrated that the combined strategy accurately …