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We have employed elevated temperature scanning tunneling microscopy to elucidate the reactivity and surface structure of the (1× 2) reconstructed TiO 2 (110) surface. We find two distinctly different ordered surface reconstructions depending upon the level of bulk reduction of the crystal (degree of nonstoichiometry). On the near stoichiometric surface reactivity to oxygen is low and attributed to the formation of the stable Ti 2 O 3 type termination. For heavily reduced crystals a cross-linked (1× 2) reconstruction forms with high activity to oxygen resulting in a well-defined cyclic reaction (TiO 2 growth).