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Bariatric surgery results in greater weight loss and maintenance than non-surgical interventions in obese patients. Inadequate adherence to aftercare is associated with poor weight loss and maintenance, poorer control of obesity-related comorbidities, and the development of post-operative complications. This study aims to identify factors influencing failure to attend follow-up visits in the adult post-bariatric surgery patients. A systematic review was undertaken to identify factors associated with attrition from bariatric aftercare in adult (18–65 years) obese (BMI > 30) patients. Eight studies published before May 2011 and addressing factors associated with bariatric aftercare attendance were identified. Few consistent findings were evident. Greater pre-surgical weight and greater travel distance to the follow-up centre were more commonly associated with attrition. Conclusions were limited by the very small …