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Muscular strength and power are critical components that contribute to success in sports such as rugby union and rugby league specifically in tasks such as scrummaging, mauling, and tackling. The one-repetition maximum bench press, back squat, and power clean are the most common exercises that have been used for the assessment of maximum strength in highly trained rugby athletes. The training volume required to develop, retain, and decay strength and ballistic/power capabilities can be classified as high, moderate, and low, respectively. Power retention in rugby players can be achieved with as little as one to two weekly training sessions. The longitudinal tracking of power in elite rugby league players showed a large increase in power after the first two years and a small decrease in power between the second and fourth year, which supports the concept of diminishing returns in elite athletes. This chapter …