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Rhabdomyolysis is one of the main causes of community-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI). Although inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI (RIAKI), little is known about the mechanism that triggers inflammation during RIAKI. Recent evidence has indicated that sterile inflammation triggered by tissue injury can be mediated through multiprotein complexes called the inflammasomes. Therefore, we investigated the role of NLRP3 inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of RIAKI using a glycerol-induced murine rhabdomyolysis model. Inflammasome-related molecules were upregulated in the kidney of RIAKI. Renal tubular injury and dysfunction preceded leukocyte infiltration into the kidney during the early phase of RIAKI and they were markedly attenuated in mice deficient in NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β compared with those in wild-type mice. No difference in …