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Oxidative stress is reliably observed in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, molecular data on the principal cellular redox-sensitive transcriptional factors and the levels of their downstream-regulated antioxidant enzymes in MDD are scarce. In the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of subjects with a current episode of MDD (n= 30) and healthy controls (n= 35), we investigated alterations in the levels of redox-sensing nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) protein, its inhibitor Keap1, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), along with their cognate downstream effectors, the antioxidant enzymes (AOEs): manganese and copper zinc superoxide dismutase (MnSOD and CuZnSOD, respectively), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GLR). MDD subjects exhibited higher levels of Nrf2 and its regulator Keap1, as well as NF-κB in the …