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BACKGROUND CONTEXT: We hypothesized that rates of neurologic deficit are higher in kyphosis and revision surgery and that neurologic outcome is related to level of deficit. Also, that spinal cord monitoring (SCM) would not detect all deficits and that many deficits would not recover. We expected recovery to be similar in spinal cord (SC) and cauda equina (CE) deficits.

PURPOSE: To examine the incidence, etiology and outcomes of patients with major neurologic deficits during the perioperative period.

STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: A retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing surgery of the thoracic and lumbar spine over a fourteen year period at one institution.

PATIENT SAMPLE: 6071 consecutive patients (3127 adult/2791 pediatric).

OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical and radiographic data were reviewed retrospectively.

METHODS: All patients with either intra-operative or early post-operative deficits were …