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THE sequence of glucagon-like peptide-1 (7–36) amide (GLP-1) is completely conserved in all mammalian species studied, implying that it plays a critical physiological role¹. We have shown that GLP-1 and its specific receptors are present in the hypo-thalamus_2,3. No physiological role for central GLP-1 has been established. We report here that intracerebroventricular (ICV) GLP-1 powerfully inhibits feeding in fasted rats. ICV injection of the specific GLP-1-receptor antagonist, exendin (9-39)⁴, blocked the inhibitory effect of GLP-1 on food intake. Exendin (9-39) alone had no influence on fast-induced feeding but more than doubled food intake in satiated rats, and augmented the feeding response to the appetite stimulant, neuropeptide Y. Induction of c-fos is a marker of neuronal activation⁵. Following ICV GLP-1 injection, c-fos appeared exclusively in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and central …