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Census of the Lepidoptera species that occur in the Campus Manguinhos of Fiocruz (RJ, Brazil). In this study the above campus was divided into six collecting areas. Two catching technics: Van Somender-Rydon trap and by means of entomological net. As baits for traping we used: bananas and cane molasse. Five capture times were from April to August 1917 were done resulting in 82 specimens belonging to 24 species and eight families. Anartia jatrophae jatrophae (Linnaeus, 1573) being the most frequent one and Ascia monuste orseis (Linnaeus, 1764) being present in all areas. The use of Van Somender-Rydon trap was the most efficient compared with the collecting done by meas of entomological net. The most diversified family in the area was Nymphalidae. The specimens are deposid at Coleção Entomológica do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).