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Although creation of a temporary diverting ileostomy during resection for rectal cancer surgery is used widely to decrease the risk of anastomotic leakage, a frequent outcome is maintenance of this “temporary” ileostomy as a permanent stoma (PS). Our aim was to assess the incidence of PS and identify potential risk factors.

This observational study included patients who underwent rectal cancer surgery with temporary ileostomy with curative intent between January 2001 and December 2008. Patient demographics, perioperative outcomes, and complications were analyzed. Incidences of primary PS (present at the endpoint of the study without stoma reversal) and secondary PS (created after closure of the primary stoma) were investigated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine risk factors.

Of 673 enrolled patients, 64 (9.5%) developed PS, including 23 cases …