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Screening for elder abuse is defined as a process of eliciting information about abusive experiences in a caring or family relationship from older or vulnerable adults who do not have obvious sign of abuse such as physical injuries [126]. The rationale for screening among non-symptomatic people, is that it may identify abuse not otherwise known, prevent future abuse, and reduce risk of future health impacts as a result of the elder abuse [126]. Screening is considered particularly important for problems with serious health implications, and where overall rates of identification are considered to be low. This is certainly the case for elder abuse and neglect [8, 144].

A cornerstone of effective screening is the development of valid and reliable screening measures with low measurement error. This has proved to be a challenging task, not only because of the methodological issues identified above, but because elder abuse …