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In 1976, we designed an original questionnaire, consisting of 111 questions, directed at the epidemiology of prostatic disease. A case‐control study by matched‐pair analysis was conducted on 100 controls matched for age within 1 year and for residence in the same prefecture. Patients with prostatic cancer were distinguished from the general population of men by the following characteristics: 1) belonging to middle or lower socioeconomical class, 2) marriage at a young age and a long married life, 3) precocity, 4) vigorous sexual life followed by a fall‐off of sexuality in later life, and 5) Western food habits. Based on analysis of results obtained in this case‐control study, a high‐risk group for prostatic cancer was outlined.