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Objective: Heart rate monitoring has previously been used as a technique for measuring energy expenditure (EE) in field studies. However, the combination of heart rate monitoring with movement sensoring could have theoretical advantages compared to either method used alone. Therefore, this study was undertaken to develop and validate a new combined heart rate monitor and movement sensor instrument (HR+ M) for measuring EE.

Methods: The HR+ M instrument is a single-piece instrument worn around the chest which records minute-by-minute heart rate and movement. Eight subjects underwent an individual calibration in which EE and heart rate were measured at rest and during a sub-maximal bicycle ergometer test. They then wore the HR+ M for 24 hours in a whole-body calorimeter and underwent a standard protocol including periods of physical activity and inactivity. Minute-by-minute heart rate was …