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BACKGROUND: High school football players are the single largest cohort of athletes playing tackle football, and account for the majority of sport‐related concussions. Return to play guidelines (RTPs) have emerged as the preferred approach for addressing the problem of sport‐related concussion in youth athletes.

METHODS: This article reviews evidence of the risks and effects of football‐related concussion and subconcussive brain trauma, as well as the effectiveness of RTPs as a preventative measure. Literature review utilized PubMed and Google Scholar, using combinations of the search terms “football,”“sports,”“concussion,”“Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy,”“athlete,”“youth,” and “pediatric.” Literature review emphasized medical journals and primary neuroscientific research on sport‐related concussion and concussion recovery, particularly in youth athletes.

RESULTS: Sport‐related concussion is a …