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Parati et al Long-Term BP Variability and Prognosis 683 frames (ultra–long-term BPV; ie, from years 1 to 5, from years 5 to 10 [Y5–10], and over a time window up to 9 years of followup [ie, from years 2 to 10]). The main result of this study is the finding of a consistent association between increasing values of long-and ultra long–term BPV (assessed through calculation of average real variability, coefficient of variation, and SD) and risks of all-cause, cardiovascular, and noncardiovascular mortality. These associations remained significant even after adjustment for average BP levels and across different strata of average systolic BP. Even in subjects with controlled systolic BP, there was a linear increase in mortality with increasing long-term BPV. However, in contrast with previous studies and despite the large sample size in the study of Hastie et al, 10 no association was found between BPV and stroke mortality …