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Background:

Morbidity associated with cardiovascular disease is increasing in the HIV-infected population. We aimed to study the impact of HIV and of antiretrovirals on acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods:

We performed a cohort and a nested case-control study using the dataset of the Régie de l'Assurance Maladie du Québec. HIV-positive patients were identified using ICD-9 diagnostic codes and matched to HIV-negative patients. Within the HIV-positive cohort, cases of AMI were identified and matched to HIV-positive patients without AMI. The coprimary outcomes were the risk of AMI associated with HIV exposure in the cohort study and that associated with exposure to antiretrovirals in the case-control study. Data were analysed using Poisson and conditional logistic regression.

Results:

About 7053 HIV-positive patients were matched to 27,681 HIV-negative patients. Incidence rates of AMI in the HIV+ cohort …