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The ever-increasing demands for resource-saving, engineering technology progress, and environmental protection stimulate the progress of the progressive design method. As an excellent promising design method for dealing with the inevitable uncertainty factors, reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is capable of offering reliable and robust results and minimizing the cost under the prescribed uncertainty level, which can provide a trade-off between economy and safety. However, the primary challenges, including global convergence capacity and complicated mixed design variable type, hinder the wider application of RBDO. This study presents a comprehensive work on the application of ten popular and recent metaheuristic algorithms of five engineering problems. Furthermore, we focus on the RBDO equip with metaheuristic algorithms about its global convergence, robustness, accuracy, and …