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Methods| Data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999-2004, were used. Serum samples of participants, 50 years or older, were screened for MGUS by immunofixation electrophoresis. Mortality data were collected through December 31, 2019, by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and were released on April 26, 2022. This cohort study used deidentified public use NHANES data and was deemed exempt from human participants review. All NHANES procedures were approved by the NCHS Research Ethics Review Board. This study followed the STROBE reporting guideline.

From July 20 to October 20, 2022, data were first analyzed using weighted Kaplan-Meier survival curves with the Wald test. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to investigate MGUS in relation to all-cause mortality. Model performance was evaluated by the Harrell C …