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Background

Health care–associated infections (HAIs) are costly, and existing national cost estimates are out-of-date.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the Agency for Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s 2016 National Inpatient Sample, the largest all-payer US inpatient database. We included all inpatient encounters with primary or secondary International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision Clinical Modification diagnosis codes corresponding to infection with catheter-associated urinary tract infections (T85. 511), catheter-and line-associated blood stream infections (T80. 211), surgical site infections (SSIs; T81. 49), ventilator-associated pneumonias (J95. 851), and Infection with Clostridioides difficile (CDI; A04. 7). We combined HAI incidence data from the National Inpatient Sample with additional hospital inpatient HAI cost estimates to create national cost estimates for HAI individually and collectively …