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Accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains a challenge, with up to 12% of cases remaining unclassifiable after multidisciplinary discussion (MDD). When a combination of clinical history, laboratory investigations, and diagnostic imaging are inconclusive, biopsy can be helpful; however, this has significant procedural risks, including mortality. Less invasive diagnostic modalities are therefore needed. One potential tool is peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), which allows cell type classification of PBMCs and differential gene expression analysis between diseases. PBMCs (n= 26604 cells) from 15 ILD patients and 1 healthy control were isolated and scRNA-seq carried out using the 10X genomics 5’gene expression platform. Automated label transfer was used to assign cell types based on several previously-annotated …