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To determine whether differences in training status, body composition and/or habitual caffeine intake influenced serum caffeine concentrations following caffeine ingestion.

Single-blind.

Trained cyclists/triathletes (n = 14) and active (n = 14) males consumed 6 mg kg⁻¹ anhydrous caffeine. Peak, total and time to peak serum caffeine concentrations were determined from venous blood samples at baseline and 6 time-points over 4 h following intake. Body composition was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and habitual caffeine intake by a questionnaire.

Trained cyclists/triathletes had 16% lower peak caffeine concentrations following caffeine ingestion compared to active individuals, although this was not statistically significant (p = 0.066). There was no significant difference between trained cyclists/triathletes and active males in total (p = 0.131) or time to peak (p = 0.249 …