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Peripheral nerve myelination is a complex event resulting from spatially and temporally regulated reciprocal interactions between the neuron and myelin‐forming Schwann cells. The dynamic process and the protein functional modules and networks that operate throughout the myelination process are poorly understood because of a lack of methodologies suitable for observing specific changes in the Schwann cell/neuron‐unit. The identification of the precise roles for the proteins participating in the functional modules and networks that participate in the myelination process is hindered by the cellular and molecular complexity of the nervous tissue itself. We have developed an approach based on a myelinating dorsal root ganglion explant model that allows distinguishing clear, reproducible and predictable differences between the biochemical properties and the genomic and proteomic expression profiles of both …