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The use of natural polymers in drug design plays an important role in biomedical applications. Combinations of nanoparticles (NPs) and biopolymers have been shown to be useful for many purposes. This study focused on gelatin-coated zinc oxide NPs synthesized by co-precipitation. The particles were characterized by UV–Vis spectrum, showing a main peak at 375 nm. The stability and crystalline nature of the particles was evaluated by Zeta potential and X-ray diffraction analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the possible functional groups of Ge-ZnO NPs, with strong bands at 3851, 3447, and 2923 cm^− 1. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) highlighted the presence of spherically shaped Ge-ZnO NPs that were 20 nm in size. Energy dispersive analysis X-ray (EDX) analysis showed that the zinc elemental content of Ge-ZnO NPs was 59.10%. The results of antibacterial …