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In this study, a novel and effective approach was performed to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using the exopolysaccharides (EPS) from the probiotic strain Bacillus licheniformis Dahb1. EPS acted as reducing and stabilizing agent for the formation of EPS-ZnO NPs by co-precipitation method. Structural characterization was investigated by a surface plasma resonance centered at 375 nm in UV–vis spectrum. FTIR spectrum exhibited functional groups with strong absorption peak at 3814.7–420 cm⁻¹. XRD showed the crystalline nature of EPS-ZnO NPs. TEM showed that the EPS-ZnO NPs were hexagonal in shape, with size within the range of 10–100 nm. The presence of Zn was confirmed by EDX analysis. Antibacterial activity of EPS-ZnO NPs was demonstrated as 100 μg/ml significantly inhibited the effective growth control of Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris) and Gram …