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Methods

Briefly, three previously enrolled patients who were part of a larger descriptive study were asked to participate in this pilot study. These patients had a diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis according to the published American Association of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery guidelines and were scheduled for endoscopic sinus surgery. A nasal biopsy at the level of the anterior ethmoid bulla was taken at the time of surgery. Three male patients of age 41, 49, and 53 years with no significant comorbidities other than chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the latter were the sources of the nasal biopsies. No patient had received oral corticosteroids or topical or systemic antibiotic therapy in the preceding 30 days. All subjects had ceased topical intranasal corticosteroids 14 days before surgery.