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Scope: Resveratrol (Res) has anticancer activity in prostate cancer (PCa), which can be attributed to modulation of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs). miRNAs/miRs are small non‐coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. We have analyzed differential miRNA expression in PCa cells treated with Res.

Methods and results: Using miRNA microarrays we found that 23 miRNAs were significantly down‐regulated and 28 miRNAs were significantly up‐regulated after Res treatment. The down‐regulated miRs included miR‐17‐92 and miR‐106ab clusters with well recognized oncogenic properties while the up‐regulated miRs included several tumor suppressors. Selected miRs were verified by qRT‐PCR, including miR‐17, miR‐20a, miR‐20b, miR‐106a and miR106b. Since these miRNAs target PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10), we performed Western blot to confirm up …