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The effects of transedermal nicotine on acute physiologic, performance and subjective measures of tobacco withdrawal were evaluated in a residential, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Ten subjects smoked ad libitum for 4 days and underwent monitored tobacco abstinence for 3 days. On no-smoking days, three transdermal nicotine delivery systems (patches) that delivered a total of 0, 10, 20 or 30 mg of nicotine were applied for 16 hr. Experimental measures were collected 6 hr after the application of the patches. Plasma levels of nicotine and cotinine indicated that the 20- and 30-mg treatment condition fully replaced the nicotine ordinarily obtained from smoking. During nicotine abstinence (0 mg condition) typical signs of tobacco withdrawal were evident including: decreases in pulse rate, increases in electroencephalographic theta power, increases in subjective measures of tobacco abstinence …