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The reader who has reached this point may well be feeling overwhelmed by the numerous ways of understanding Jack’s and Janet’s difficulties. There are certainly striking differences between the formulations: some are based on individual work with Jack and Janet, others on seeing the family; the formulation may be built primarily about their thoughts, or their feelings, or their relationships, or their social contexts, or the narratives they have woven about their lives; it may be constructed largely by the therapist, or jointly with the individual or family, or perhaps not exist in a traditional form at all; it may co-exist with a psychiatric diagnosis, or be seen as an alternative to a diagnosis, or else both the concepts of diagnosis and formulation may be regarded with suspicion; it may be an absolutely central or a very peripheral part of the underlying theoretical approach; and it may lead to very different kinds of intervention, or …