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TiO₂ is a self-cleaning material generally employed in engineering today because of its excellent physical and chemical characteristics. However, its self-cleaning behavior on photovoltaic panels has not been sufficiently studied and reported in the literature. This study synthesized, deposited and, characterized titanium dioxide (TiO₂) thin film for self-cleaning photovoltaic application. The TiO₂ was synthesized using the sol–gel method and spin coating was used for the deposition on glass substrate at optimized parameters. The characterization was done to ascertain the morphology, structural, chemical bond and absorption spectrum, optical properties, photocatalytic, and thin-film durability. The surface morphology shows a snowflakes-like shape and at higher magnification shows they are clustered and pockets of a linked chain. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the TiO₂ thin films deposited and annealed at 600 °C …