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A test apparatus is provided for rapidly detecting abnormal loading of a microfluidic device, and unloading the abnor mally-loaded microfluidic device, thereby preventing con tamination of the test apparatus by a sample and degradation in reliability of test results. A test system including the test apparatus and a control method for the test apparatus are also provided. The test apparatus includes an optical sensor to photograph an image at a position corresponding to the microfluidic device, and a controller to detect a pattern formed on a surface of the microfluidic device based on the photographed image to determine whether characteristics of the detected pattern are identical to characteristics of a pre stored pattern, and to determine whether the microfluidic device has not been normally loaded, when the characteristics of the detected pattern are different from the characteristics of the pre-stored pattern.