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Purpose: The peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) has been implicated in the growth control of colorectal cancer, where PBR-specific ligand-binding is increased 3–4-fold. However, the prognostic relevance of PBR (over) expression has not yet been evaluated in colorectal cancer.

Experimental Design: A 5-year follow-up was performed in 116 consecutive patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer with regional or distant metastases [Union International Contre le Cancer (UICC) stage III, 59 patients; UICC stage IV, 57 patients]. The monoclonal anti-PBR antibody 8D7 was used for immunohistochemical examination of paraffin-embedded sections. PBR-specific staining was compared in cancer tissues and normal mucosa. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were calculated.

Results: Twenty-eight % of the colorectal cancers strongly overexpressed PBR. The mean survival of …