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Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent cholangiography (FC) using indocyanine green (ICG) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been used as a technique for real-time visualization of bile ducts for approximately ten years; however, no standard protocol has been determined. This study aimed to determine the optimal time of administration of ICG.

In this prospective study, patients (n = 30) indicated for LC were divided into two groups. The first group received ICG 1 h before anesthesia at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg (1 h group), whereas the other group received ICG immediately after anesthesia with the same dose (0 h group).

The rates of identification of the cystic duct (CD) and common bile duct (CBD) using NIR FC before and after dissection of Calot’s triangle were comparable between the two groups. The fluorescence intensity ratios of CD/Liver and CBD/Liver were …