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Human peritoneal fibroblast proliferation in 3-dimensional culture: Modulation by cytokines, growth factors and peritoneal dialysis effluent. Structural and functional alterations of the peritoneal membrane are a significant problem in long-term peritoneal dialysis patients. The present study has established a 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture system to study the human peritoneal fibroblast (HPFB) and to examine its proliferative responses to cytokines and growth factors as well as dialysis effluent obtained from patients during peritoneal infection. PDGF-_AB, basic FGF and IL-1β induced a time and dose dependent increase in 3D-HPFB proliferation. At day 9 proliferation, as assessed by MTT uptake, was increased by 2.4-, 2.3- and 1.5-fold above control by PDGF-_AB (50 ng/ml) bFGF (50 ng/ml) and IL-1β (10 ng/ml), respectively (N = 5, P = 0.04 for all). These effects could be inhibited by co-incubation with anti-PDGF-_AB …