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METHODS:

Participants were adolescents in the Netherlands (n= 2773, 52.5% male, mean age= 11 years at baseline, 5 waves up to mean age 22) from the Tracking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey cohort. We examined bidirectional relationship between ADHD symptoms (hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention) and BMI using the random intercept cross-lagged panel model. Time-varying covariates were pubertal status, stimulant use, depressive symptoms, and family functioning, and socioeconomic status was a time-invariant covariate.

RESULTS:

We found a time-invariant association of BMI with hyperactivity and impulsivity, but not with inattention, which was slightly stronger in female adolescents (female: r= 0.102; male: r= 0.086, P<. 05). No longitudinal direct effects were found between ADHD symptoms and BMI during this period.

CONCLUSIONS:

Over the course of adolescence, the link between ADHD …