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Primates are distinct from many other groups of animals in that they are largely an arboreal radiation. Several early primate adaptations seem to be related to foraging and feeding in small terminal branches. Although numerous studies have documented the types of arboreal supports that primates use, laboratory studies examining primate locomotion have been largely restricted to stable flat supports. Less is known of the strategies that primates employ to maintain balance in the complex arboreal environments they normally inhabit. The goal of this dissertation is to examine the way in which primate locomotion varies in response to three major features of the arboreal environment: support size, support orientation, and support stability.