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Different from the dominant method of surface modification of metal oxide sensing materials with noble metals, a simple and low-cost method is developed by using Zn nanoparticles as a surface modifier in this work. The first step involves the fabrication of porous In 2 O 3 nanofibers by an electrospinning technique, and then Zn nanoparticles decorated In 2 O 3 nanofibers are constructed by a simple thermal evaporation method. An increase in surface O 2-species absorbing capability and a decrease in sensor resistance are observed by surface modification of In 2 O 3 nanofibers with Zn nanoparticles. In comparison with pure In 2 O 3 nanofibers, this kind of Zn–In 2 O 3 composite nanofibers display higher response and better selectivity to NO 2. The response of Zn–In 2 O 3 nanofibers is up to 130.00–5 ppm NO 2 at 50° C, which is 13.7 times higher than that of pure In 2 O 3. From our perspective, the improved NO 2 …