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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by marked heterogeneity in clinical symptoms and a complex genetic background. Although effective to varying degrees, symptomatic treatments, including dopaminergic medications and device-assisted therapies, can improve the quality of life for people with PD but do not halt disease progression. Effective disease-modifying therapies remain elusive. Discussions remain over whether PD is a single disease or an umbrella term for a group of disorders with common features. 1 Rather than representing a singular heterogeneous disorder, an alternative view is that PD encompasses a group of distinct biological entities with overlapping clinical manifestations, but each having a unique molecular pathogenesis. Based on this view, it is proposed that developing targeted therapies for more homogenous subgroups of patients with shared …