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Leak detection in pipelines has been a prevalent issue for several decades. Pipeline leaks from sources such as small cracks and pinholes are termed chronic leaks, as they have the potential of going unnoticed for long time periods, causing both economic losses and environmental damage. Literature lacks a comprehensive review of chronic leaks, especially under subsea or arctic conditions. Therefore, a primary objective of this work was the critical analysis of the current state of leak detection technology, especially under these conditions. A summary of critical findings from both experimental and field studies is included. A secondary goal was to determine the leak detection accuracy, resource level requirements, and risk of installation and operation for various techniques. The analysis shows medium to large scale leaks between 3 and 10 mm can be detected using dynamic pressure wave monitoring for single …